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A fund of funds (FOF), also called a multi-fund investment, is a mutual fund that invests in other types of funds. In other words: the portfolio consists of several underlying portfolios of other funds. These investments replace any direct investment in bonds, stocks, and other types of securities.
FOFs often invest in other mutual funds or hedge funds. They are often classified as 'restricted', can invest in funds managed by the FOF management company, or 'unrestricted', or can invest in funds across markets.
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A fund-of-funds (FOF) scheme aims to achieve a wide range of diversification in the right mix of assets and to invest in different types of funds in a single portfolio.
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There are different types of FOFs, and each type has a different investment strategy. A FOF can be structured as a mutual fund, hedge fund, private equity fund or investment trust. A FOF can be restricted, meaning it only invests in portfolios managed by a single investment company. On the other hand, FOF can be unrestricted and allowed to invest in external funds that are managed by other managers from other companies.
Typically, FOFs attract retail investors who want better exposure to less risk than investing directly in securities — or even in individual funds. Investing in FOF provides the investor with professional services and expertise in asset management.
By investing in FOF, low-income investors can also use a diversified portfolio with different underlying assets. Most of these will be out of reach for private investors. For example, hedge funds often require a minimum investment of six figures or require investors to have equity capital, or both.
Many FOFs require a thorough monitoring process for their fund managers - both their own and the underlying fund managers. The background of the managers is checked on the job, which guarantees the portfolio manager's background and credentials in the security sector.
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Although FOFs offer diversification and less exposure to market fluctuations, these returns can be reduced by investment costs that are often higher than those of traditional mutual funds. High debt results from the accumulation of debt on top of debt.
Like most mutual funds, FOF incurs annual operating expenses, known as expenses, as well as management fees and operating expenses. However, FOF investors pay double fees, because the funds in FOF also have their annual fees and charges.
In the past, fund-of-funds prospectors did not always reflect the costs of the underlying funds. Beginning in January 2007, the SEC began requiring these fees to be disclosed in a format known as fees and expenses earned (AFFE).
A fund of funds may charge an annual management fee of 0.5% to 1% to invest in funds that charge a 1% annual management fee. Therefore, an investor in FOF pays a maximum of 2% in total. It is no wonder that, when the money is invested in debt and other taxes to be paid, the return on the investment of money can be lower than the profit that one fund manager can create, even if the money - work well.
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It can also be difficult to find good fund managers and funds, especially if FOF is restricted. A FOF can end up owning the same stocks or other securities through different funds, reducing real volatility.
Because they are different, the amount of money can be difficult to analyze and compare as one. However, the index is available. The Barclay Fund of Funds Index, sponsored by Barclay-Hedge, an alternative investment data provider, is a measure of the returns of all FOFs reported in the company's database. For example, in the first quarter of 2022, 156 funds achieved an average return of 0.33%. The S&P 500 lost more than 7.5% during the same period.
A dedicated mutual fund can be much cheaper than a mutual fund or ETF. However, the SEC estimates that approximately 40% of all registered funds keep investments in at least one other fund.
According to the SEC, the total net assets and value of investments in other funds exceeded $2.54 trillion in 2019.
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Yes, like other mutual fund products, FOFs are regulated by the SEC. In particular, SEC Rule 12d1-4, updated in 2020, sets forth a system that provides a consistent framework for the financial planning of funds. The SEC also requires FOFs to clearly disclose their liabilities.
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Investing In Multi-Asset Income
Know what to look for in business financial statements, such as financial performance and risk profile, to make an informed investment decision.
The information in an investment magazine can be a powerful tool in helping you identify investment opportunities.
Mutual funds are a valuable class for individual investors. They allow investors to expose to many underlying assets with an initial investment of only $1,000, and at the same time allow them to diversify their investment risk.
Before investing in a fund, you should first study its facts. The report reflects the characteristics of the fund: its objectives, performance, risk profile, and cost. The qualitative and quantitative data and fact sheets can sometimes be overwhelming, so here are some keywords to look for.
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Get a better understanding of the fund's characteristics, what it aims to do, and the investment strategies it plans to adopt to achieve its objectives. Make sure that the fund's investment objective and strategy match your risk appetite and desired return, to avoid investing in products that don't suit you.
When you invest in a mutual fund, you transfer your money to the fund managers. Therefore, make sure that you gather information about the trustworthiness of people who will manage your income by studying the performance of past investments made by the fund manager.
: Some funds invest only in equities or only in debt, while others may take a strategic approach using a combination of equities and debt. Along with this information, the newsletter will also display a sector-specific breakdown of your investments and the top 10 investments.
The prospectus can also tell you whether the investment fund has a collective responsibility where the dividend/income is reinvested, or a payout responsibility where the money is distributed to the investor.
Collective Investment Trusts
Although past financial performance is no guarantee of future performance, it is still useful to compare financial performance with that of its peers. Returns are usually expressed in one year, three years, five years, and ten years.
You can also pay attention to statistics such as the Sharpe ratio and standard deviation. The Sharpe curve represents the risk-adjusted return: the higher, the better. Different standards show the change of the money over time: the lower the number, the better.
When you buy an annuity, you get an annual fee that covers management, administration, and fees. In some journals, this is shown as total expenditure (TER), which measures what it costs the fund manager to operate the fund.
Any investor who is interested in mutual funds as an investment option should familiarize himself with the newsletter in order to make an informed investment decision.
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This article is brought to you by Standard Chartered Bank Kenya Limited. All information provided is for informational purposes only. This information does not constitute an offer to sell, buy or subscribe for investment, or a solicitation of such. This information is general and does not take into account the circumstances, purposes or needs of any individual. Investing involves risk and values can go up as well as down. Standard Chartered shall not be liable for any information errors, inaccuracies, delays or for any actions taken in reliance on the information contained herein.
Standard Chartered Investment Services Ltd distributes investment products - a subsidiary of Standard Chartered Bank Kenya Limited which is licensed as an investment manager by market leaders. Perhaps no sector has a more complex relationship with the concept of change than financial services. The book Navigating the New Frontiers of Compliance warns that regulatory changes for brokers and investment advisers will make risk assessment - and developing it - more difficult.
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